Securities Lending

<body onLoad="MM_checkPlugin('Shockwave Flash','','http://www.riskglossary.com/default_nofl.htm',false);return document.MM_returnValue" stylesrc="../_private/template.htm" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" link="#669933" vlink="#000000" alink="#000000"> <div align="left"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" id="table1"> <tr> <td width="740"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" height="37" id="table2"> <tr> <td height="35" width="100%"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" cellpadding="0" id="table3"> <tr> <td width="100%" align="left" valign="top"> <p class="header_gold">Securities Lending</td> <td width="45" align="right" valign="bottom"> <map name="FPMap6"> <area href="http://www.contingencyanalysis.com" shape="rect" coords="1, 0, 44, 11" target="_top"> </map> <img border="0" src="../images/home.gif" usemap="#FPMap6" width="45" height="12"></td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="100%" bgcolor="#CC9966" height="2"> <img border="0" src="../images/blank_2x2.gif" width="2" height="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="0%" valign="top" bgcolor="#FFFFCC"> <table border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" id="table4"> <tr> <td width="0%" align="left" valign="top"> <p class="header2_black">Explained:<br> <img border="0" src="../images/blank_1x100.gif" width="100" height="1"></td> <td width="0%" align="left" valign="top"><p class="word_list"> <a href="#lend">securities lending</a><br> <img border="0" src="../images/blank_1x160.gif" width="160" height="1"></td> <td width="100%" align="left" valign="top"><p class="word_list"> <br> <img border="0" src="../images/blank_1x160.gif" width="160" height="1"></td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="310" align="right" id="table5"> <tr> <td align="right" width="9" height="14"></td> <td width="300" height="14"> <font size="2"> </font><font size="4"> </font></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="right" width="9"> </td> <td width="300"> <script type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script>  </td> </tr> </table> <p class="body">Owners of <a href="../articles/security.htm">securities</a> frequently <b><a name="lend">lend</a></b> those securities to other parties who may sell them <a href="../articles/short_sale.htm">short</a> or deliver them to another party to satisfy some other obligation. Securities may be loaned for a fixed period of time, or the loans may be open-ended. In return for lending its securities, the lender receives a fee, which is quoted as <a href="../articles/basis_point.htm">basis points</a> per annum of the original <a href="../articles/valuation.htm">market value</a> of loaned securities. The fee depends upon how scarce a loaned security is in the marketplace. For example, if <a href="../articles/treasury_note_and_bond.htm">Treasury bond</a> <a href="../articles/future.htm">futures</a> are maturing, the cheapest to deliver Treasury bond will demand a higher fee than other Treasury bonds. Parties who are short the future will want to borrow that bond and deliver it against the future.</p> <p class="body">A securities loan is typically <a href="../articles/collateral.htm">collateralized</a>. This reduces the lender's <a href="../articles/credit_risk.htm">credit exposure</a> to the borrower. Collateral may be cash, other securities or a letter of credit. The lender retains the <a href="../articles/market_risk.htm"> market risk</a> of loaned securities. This is because the borrower is obligated to ultimately return the securities—not the original market value of the securities—to the lender. If the loaned securities pay <a href="../articles/common_stock.htm">dividends</a>, <a href="../articles/coupon_bond.htm">coupons</a> or partial redemptions during the loan, these are returned to the lending party. If cash is used as collateral, interest is credited at the <a href="../articles/repo.htm">repo rate</a>. The securities lending fee is then deducted as a "rebate" from the interest.</p> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="345" align="left" id="table6"> <tr> <td width="336"> <script type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script>  </td> <td width="9"> </td> </tr> </table> <p class="body">Many <a href="../articles/custodian.htm">custodians</a> run securities lending programs for their custody clients. Under such programs, the custodian earns income for the client by lending out the securities the custodian is holding for the client.</p> <p class="body">If securities lending is collateralized with cash, the transaction is economically equivalent to a <a href="../articles/repo.htm">repo</a>, although there are legal differences that may be relevant in the event of a default. Rather than be motivated by the borrowing party's need for a particular security, such transactions may be motivated by the lender's need for cash. In this sense, the transaction is economically a cash loan collateralized by the loaned security. Just as a bond dealer might finance its inventory with repos, so might it do so through securities lending.</p>  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" id="table7"> <tr> <td height="30" valign="bottom" colspan="2"> <p class="header2_black">Related Internal Links</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CC9966" height="2"> <img border="0" src="../images/blank_2x2.gif" width="2" height="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FFFFCC" colspan="2"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" cellpadding="6" id="table8"> <tr> <td width="100%"> <p class="explanatory_text"> <img border="0" src="../images/bullet_link_glossary.gif" width="26" height="15"><a href="../articles/collateral.htm">collateral</a> Assets held to secure an obligation.</p> <p align="left" class="explanatory_text"> <img border="0" src="../images/bullet_link_glossary.gif" width="26" height="15"><strong style="font-weight: 400"><a href="../articles/custodian.htm">custody</a> The safekeeping of securities and related services.</strong></p> <p class="explanatory_text"> <img border="0" src="../images/bullet_link_glossary.gif" width="26" height="15"><a href="../articles/hypothecation.htm">hypothecation</a> The posting of collateral.<p class="explanatory_text"> <img border="0" src="../images/bullet_link_glossary.gif" width="26" height="15"><a href="../articles/repo.htm">repurchase agreement</a> An agreement to sell and later repurchase securities at specific prices.</p> <p class="explanatory_text"> <img border="0" src="../images/bullet_link_glossary.gif" width="26" height="15"><a href="../articles/short_sale.htm">short sale</a> Sale of a borrowed security.</p> <p class="explanatory_text"> <img border="0" src="../images/bullet_link_glossary.gif" width="26" height="15"><a href="../articles/soft_dollars.htm">soft dollars</a> A sometimes controversial inducement brokers offer investment managers to place trades through them.</p> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="30" valign="bottom" colspan="2"> <p class="header2_black">Sponsored Links</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CC9966" height="2"> <img border="0" src="../images/blank_2x2.gif" width="2" height="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FFFFCC" width="75"> <img border="0" src="../images/ad_side_banner_1.jpg" width="103" height="285"></td> <td bgcolor="#FFFFCC" width="99%">  <p class="ad_legend" style="margin-left: 0; margin-bottom:2"> <a target="_top" href="http://www.riskexpertise.com/link/advertising.htm"> <font color="#000000">Ads by Contingency Analysis</font></a></p> <p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"> <iframe src="http://servedbyadbutler.com/adserve/;ID=147917;size=336x265;setID=82436;type=iframe" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: 0px" width="336" height="265" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" name="I1"> <![if lt IE 4]> <script src="http://servedbyadbutler.com/adserve/;ID=147917;size=336x265;setID=82436;type=js" type="text/javascript"> </script> <noscript> <a href="http://servedbyadbutler.com/go2/;ID=147917;size=336x265;setID=82436"> <img src="http://servedbyadbutler.com/adserve.ibs/;ID=147917;size=336x265;setID=82436;type=img" border="0" height="265" width="336" alt=""></a> </noscript><![endif]></iframe>   </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="30" valign="bottom" colspan="2"> <p class="header2_black">Related Books</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CC9966" height="2"> <img border="0" src="../images/blank_2x2.gif" width="2" height="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FFFFCC" colspan="2"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" cellpadding="6" id="table9"> <tr> <td width="100%"> <p class="explanatory_text">Steiner (<a target="_blank" href="http://www.riskbook.com/link/steiner_r_(1997).htm">1997</a>) covers the repo and securities lending markets primarily from the broker-dealer standpoint. Fabozzi (<a target="_blank" href="http://www.riskbook.com/link/fabozzi_f_(1996)_securities_lending.htm">1996</a>) is a standard text on securities lending primarily for institutional investors who might be interested in lending out their investments. </p> <table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" id="table10"> <tr> <td width="100" align="left" valign="top"> <map name="FPMap374"> <area target="_blank" href="http://www.riskbook.com/link/steiner_r_(1997).htm" shape="rect" coords="0, 0, 88, 124"> </map> <img border="0" src="../images/book_steiner_125.jpg" usemap="#FPMap374" width="89" height="125"></td> <td align="left" valign="top"> <table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" id="table11"> <tr> <td width="90%" colspan="3"> <p class="title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.riskbook.com/link/steiner_r_(1997).htm"> Mastering Repo Markets</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"> <p class="author"><b>Robert Steiner</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="10%"><map name="FPMap371"> <area target="_blank" href="http://www.riskbook.com/main/ratings.htm" shape="rect" coords="0, 0, 89, 15"> </map> <img border="0" src="../images/star_5.gif" usemap="#FPMap371" width="90" height="16"></td> <td width="10%" class="author">quality</td> <td width="70%"> <p class="author"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="10%"><map name="FPMap39"> <area target="_blank" href="http://www.riskbook.com/main/ratings.htm" shape="rect" coords="0, 0, 89, 15"> </map> <img border="0" src="../images/tech_2.gif" usemap="#FPMap39" width="90" height="16"></td> <td width="10%" class="author">technical</td> <td width="70%">  </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="10%"> <p class="author">1997</td> <td width="10%"> </td> <td width="70%"> <p align="center"><map name="FPMap373"> <area target="_blank" coords="0, 0, 145, 19" shape="rect" href="http://www.riskbook.com/link/steiner_r_(1997).htm"> </map> <img border="0" src="../images/pointer_review.gif" usemap="#FPMap373" width="146" height="20"></td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" id="table12"> <tr> <td width="100" align="left" valign="top"> <map name="FPMap367"> <area target="_blank" href="http://www.riskbook.com/link/fabozzi_f_(1996)_securities_lending.htm" shape="rect" coords="0, 0, 82, 124"> </map> <img border="0" src="../images/book_fabozzi_repo_125.jpg" usemap="#FPMap367" width="83" height="125"></td> <td align="left" valign="top"> <table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" id="table13"> <tr> <td width="90%" colspan="3"> <p class="title"> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.riskbook.com/link/fabozzi_f_(1996)_securities_lending.htm"> Securities Lending and Repurchase Agreements</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"> <p class="author"><b>Frank J. Fabozzi (ed.)</b></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="10%"><map name="FPMap368"> <area target="_blank" href="http://www.riskbook.com/main/ratings.htm" shape="rect" coords="0, 0, 89, 15"> </map> <img border="0" src="../images/star_5.gif" usemap="#FPMap368" width="90" height="16"></td> <td width="10%" class="author">quality</td> <td width="70%"> <p class="author"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="10%"><map name="FPMap369"> <area target="_blank" href="http://www.riskbook.com/main/ratings.htm" shape="rect" coords="0, 0, 89, 15"> </map> <img border="0" src="../images/tech_1.gif" usemap="#FPMap369" width="90" height="16"></td> <td width="10%" class="author">technical</td> <td width="70%">  </td> </tr> <tr> <td width="10%"> <p class="author">1996</td> <td width="10%"> </td> <td width="70%"> <p align="center"><map name="FPMap366"> <area target="_blank" coords="0, 0, 145, 19" shape="rect" href="http://www.riskbook.com/link/fabozzi_f_(1996)_securities_lending.htm"> </map> <img border="0" src="../images/pointer_review.gif" usemap="#FPMap366" width="146" height="20"></td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td height="30" valign="bottom" colspan="2"> <p class="header2_black">Sponsored Links</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#CC9966" height="2"> <img border="0" src="../images/blank_2x2.gif" width="2" height="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FFFFCC" width="75"> <img border="0" src="../images/ad_side_banner_2.jpg" width="103" height="285"></td> <td bgcolor="#FFFFCC" width="99%"> <script type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script>  </td> </tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FFFFCC" colspan="2"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" cellpadding="6" id="table14"> <tr> <td width="100%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <p align="center"><map name="FPMap365"> <area target="_top" href="http://www.riskglossary.com" shape="rect" coords="0, 0, 164, 102"> </map><img border="0" src="../images/logo.jpg" usemap="#FPMap365" width="165" height="103"></p> <p align="center"><span class="verdana10"> <a href="http://www.riskglossary.com/main/disclaimer.htm" target="_self"> Disclaimer</a></span></p> <p align="center">website: <span class="verdana10"> <a target="_top" href="http://www.contingencyanalysis.com"> http://www.contingencyanalysis.com</a></span><br> glossary direct link: <span class="verdana10"> <a target="_top" href="http://www.riskglossary.com"> http://www.riskglossary.com</a></span><br> copyright © Contingency Analysis, 2004</td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> </td> <td>  </td> </tr> </table> </div> </body>